Hello, I am working on a web application which using Struts2, Spring & Hibernate. I am working on authorization which I think is necessary corss cutting feature of any application and needs to developed & kept very much isolated from the business logic. I am elaborating my requirement in detail as follows, Assume a simple action which is authorized to be called by sales dept people only. i.e showSales.action When a user from purchase dept tries to call this action then, an interceptors will check whether the user in role has the authorization to access or not and deny access to purchase dept user to access this action this is simple. I have implemented this using before advice of Spring AOP rather than interceptor. I hope i am not wrong? But the bigger problem is By how much, I mean for eg. if an *sales execute *logs in and clicks showSales.action then he must be get view of his own sales list, but when *sales manager* logs in and calls same action i.e showSales.action then he must get more* bigger n wider list, which can be union of data from all sales executives. Here authorization of some kind must be implemented which intercepts DAO's and automatically sets the "where clause" in the sql query. *I tried before advice of spring for DAO's also but problem is if where clause is set somewhere within business logic then double where clause is set which gives error and because I am using hibernate criteria's to set restrictions on queries I have noticed this hibernate critera's are immutable* (Is there anyway to change them?) * what should be the best way to solve this problem. Any Design Pattern or s*omething in hibernate that can help me here* or something other advice for it? -- With Best Regards, Amol Ghotankar Cursive Technologies Pvt. Ltd. www.cursivetech.com