I just ran your example with this image that we also use in our CI and it works fine: https://registry.hub.docker.com/layers/postgis/postgis/10-2.5/images/sha256-f80a9ef2ffa8a2a5dc4f7ac3ace5051c3c7feea0310ee15e85d5ac908109a7ac?context=explore

So the problem is the PostgreSQL version you are using, just like I already wrote.