example

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
public class City {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    private String name;

    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "city")
    @Cache(usage=CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
    private List<Citizen> citizens = new ArrayList<Citizen>();

    public City(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public City() {
    }

    public List<Citizen> getCitizens() {
        return citizens;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Cacheable
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
public class Citizen {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    private String name;

    @ManyToOne
    private City city;

    public Citizen(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Citizen() {
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public City getCity() {
        return city;
    }

    public void setCity(City city) {
        this.city = city;
    }
}

import junit.framework.Assert;
import org.hibernate.*;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
import org.junit.Before;

import java.util.List;

public class FetchModeTest {

    private SessionFactory factory;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception { // just create 2 cities with 2 citizens in both cities
        factory = new Configuration().configure(
                "hibernate.cfg.xml").addAnnotatedClass(Citizen.class).addAnnotatedClass(City.class)
                .buildSessionFactory();
        Session session = factory.openSession();
        City berlin = new City("Berlin");
        session.save(berlin);
        Citizen hans = new Citizen("Hans");
        hans.setCity(berlin);
        session.save(hans);
        berlin.getCitizens().add(hans);
        Citizen peter = new Citizen("Peter");
        peter.setCity(berlin);
        session.save(peter);
        berlin.getCitizens().add(peter);
        session.save(berlin);
        session.flush();

        City hamburg = new City("Hamburg");
        session.save(hamburg);
        Citizen horst = new Citizen("Horst");
        horst.setCity(hamburg);
        session.save(horst);
        Citizen anne = new Citizen("Anne");
        anne.setCity(hamburg);
        session.save(anne);
        hamburg.getCitizens().add(horst);
        hamburg.getCitizens().add(anne);
        session.close();
        factory.getCache().evictEntityRegions(); //clear 2-level-cache
        factory.getCache().evictCollectionRegions(); //clear 2-level-cache collections
    }

    @org.junit.Test //PASSED!!!
    public void testWithJoinAndList() throws Exception {
        preHeatCacheWithJoinAndList();
        Session newSession = factory.openSession();
        City berlin = (City) newSession.createCriteria(City.class).add(Restrictions.eq("name", "Berlin")).uniqueResult();
        Assert.assertEquals(2, berlin.getCitizens().size());
        newSession.close();
    }

    @org.junit.Test //FAILED!!!
    public void testWithJoinAndScroll() throws Exception {
        preheatCacheWithJoinAndScroll();
        Session newSession = factory.openSession();
        City berlin = (City) newSession.createCriteria(City.class).add(Restrictions.eq("name", "Berlin")).uniqueResult();
        Assert.assertEquals(2, berlin.getCitizens().size());
        newSession.close();
    }

    private void preHeatCacheWithJoinAndList() {
        Session preheatSession = factory.openSession();
        List<City> list = preheatSession.createCriteria(City.class).setFetchMode("citizens", FetchMode.JOIN).list();
        for (City city : list) {
            Hibernate.initialize(city); //citizen-bag has 2 Element
        }
        preheatSession.close();
    }

    private void preheatCacheWithJoinAndScroll() {
        Session preheatSession = factory.openSession();
        ScrollableResults cursor = preheatSession.createCriteria(City.class).setFetchMode("citizens", FetchMode.JOIN).scroll();
        while (cursor.next()) {
            City city = (City) cursor.get(0);
            Hibernate.initialize(city); //citizen-bag has just 1 Element
        }
        preheatSession.close();
    }

}