So I found this:

hibernate-orm/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/sql/Template.java:125

sqlWhereString = "( _column1 = '14' and column2 = '25')";
placeholder = "$PlaceHolder$";
dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.SQLiteDialect
functionRegistry = org.hibernate.dialect.function.SQLFunctionRegistry

ret = renderWhereStringTemplate(String sqlWhereString, placeholder, dialect, functionRegistry)

ret = "( _column1 = '14' and $PlaceHolder$.column2 = '25')"

which is not correct, should be:

ret = "( $PlaceHolder$._column1 = '14' and $PlaceHolder$.column2 = '25')"

hibernate-orm/hibernate-core/src/main/java/org/hibernate/sql/Template.java:294

isIdentifier("_column1") = false
isIdentifier("column2") = true

   private static boolean isIdentifier(String token) {
      if ( isBoolean( token ) ) {
         return false;
      }  
      return token.charAt( 0 ) == '`' || ( //allow any identifier quoted with backtick
            Character.isLetter( token.charAt( 0 ) ) && //only recognizes identifiers beginning with a letter
                  token.indexOf( '.' ) < 0
      );          
   }  

I would assume that this should not be used for column names?

Or is the solution to use backticks in the column names?

Olin