@Chris Cranford Recently I am doing work on implementing auditing functions at the native database level. Although the application layer is done by Envers, we still need to ensure the integrity of the audit table data when our dba deal with the database. And there is little infomation about this in the document. I really can't understand how the audit table corresponding to the ElementCollection property works. According to the test, when I modify a piece of data in the ElementCollection property, the corresponding audit table inserts a record that represent inserting a new entry first, and then inserts a record that represent deleting the original entry. But the REVEND of the record that represent deleting the entry record is always null.