// OneToMany association Parent->Child
    // ManyToOne association Child->Parent
    Parent parent = em.find(Parent.class, parentId);
    em.createQuery("FROM Child").getResultList();
    em.refresh(parent, LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_WRITE);

    //
    // There are two issues at this point
    //
    
    // This assertion fails
    Assert.assertEquals(LockModeType.PESSIMISTIC_WRITE, em.getLockMode(parent));
    
    // This can cause a LazyInitializationException
    parent.getChildren().size();