>But could you please explain, how hibernate conforms to the following quote of the JPA spec?

>Because I think it does not conform - I just do not get the possibility to use distinct(false) properly, even if I want to, for whatever reason.

Conformance is determined by running the JPA TCK with the JPA provider as implementation, and ORM 6 passes that TCK.

Calling distinct(false) has no impact as that is the default. What you are complaining about is the change in behavior that is documented in the migration guide. If you can give us a good use case for the behavior you seem to desire, we can talk about it, but until then, I’ll close this issue as doing this was a deliberate decision.