Using "testbean-with-variables.ear" as "test bean.ear" and a clean 7.1.2-checkout:

I) Standalone:

1. bin/standalone.sh -Dtest.ds=java:jboss/datasources/ExampleDS
2. Deploy testbean.ear (I used localhost:9990)
3. Logfile prints

20:36:21,669 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-1) JBAS015876: Starting deployment of "testbean.ear"
20:36:21,717 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-4) JBAS015876: Starting deployment of "testbean.jar"
20:36:21,761 INFO [org.jboss.as.jpa] (MSC service thread 1-1) JBAS011401: Read persistence.xml for testDomain
20:36:21,816 INFO [org.jboss.as.ejb3.deployment.processors.EjbJndiBindingsDeploymentUnitProcessor] (MSC service thread 1-1) JNDI bindings for session bean named TestBean in deployment unit subdeployment "testbean.jar" of deployment "testbean.ear" are as follows:

java:global/testbean/testbean/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
java:app/testbean/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
java:module/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
java:global/testbean/testbean/TestBean
java:app/testbean/TestBean
java:module/TestBean

20:36:21,840 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-1) JBAS011907: Register module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear:main" from Service Module Loader
20:36:21,938 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-7) JBAS011907: Register module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear.testbean.jar:main" from Service Module Loader
20:36:22,309 INFO [org.jboss.as.server] (HttpManagementService-threads - 1) JBAS015870: Deploy of deployment "testbean.ear" was rolled back with failure message {"JBAS014771: Services with missing/unavailable dependencies" => ["jboss.persistenceunit.\"testbean.ear/testbean.jar#testDomain\" Missing[jboss.naming.context.java.\"${test.ds}\"]","jboss.deployment.subunit.\"testbean.ear\".\"testbean.jar\".jndiDependencyService Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]","jboss.deployment.subunit.\"testbean.ear\".\"testbean.jar\".component.TestBean.START Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]","jboss.naming.context.java.comp.testbean.testbean.TestBean.env.\"org.jboss.tests.TestBean\".manager Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]"]}
20:36:22,315 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS011908: Unregister module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear:main" from Service Module Loader
20:36:22,320 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS011908: Unregister module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear.testbean.jar:main" from Service Module Loader
20:36:22,343 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS015877: Stopped deployment testbean.jar in 33ms
20:36:22,344 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS015877: Stopped deployment testbean.ear in 34ms

II) Domain:

1. adapt domain/configuration/host.xml:

<server name="server-one" group="main-server-group" auto-start="true">
<system-properties>
<property name="test.ds" value="java:jboss/datasources/ExampleDS" boot-time="false"/>
</system-properties>
</server>

2. bin/domain.sh
3. Deploy testbean.ear (I used localhost:9990)
4. Logfile prints

[Server:server-one] 20:50:25,164 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS015876: Starting deployment of "testbean.ear"
[Server:server-two] 20:50:25,162 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-6) JBAS015876: Starting deployment of "testbean.ear"
[Server:server-one] 20:50:25,250 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS015876: Starting deployment of "testbean.jar"
[Server:server-two] 20:50:25,263 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-6) JBAS015876: Starting deployment of "testbean.jar"
[Server:server-two] 20:50:25,332 INFO [org.jboss.as.jpa] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS011401: Read persistence.xml for testDomain
[Server:server-one] 20:50:25,337 INFO [org.jboss.as.jpa] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS011401: Read persistence.xml for testDomain
[Server:server-two] 20:50:25,410 INFO [org.jboss.as.ejb3.deployment.processors.EjbJndiBindingsDeploymentUnitProcessor] (MSC service thread 1-4) JNDI bindings for session bean named TestBean in deployment unit subdeployment "testbean.jar" of deployment "testbean.ear" are as follows:
[Server:server-two]
[Server:server-two] java:global/testbean/testbean/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
[Server:server-two] java:app/testbean/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
[Server:server-two] java:module/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
[Server:server-two] java:global/testbean/testbean/TestBean
[Server:server-two] java:app/testbean/TestBean
[Server:server-two] java:module/TestBean
[Server:server-two]
[Server:server-one] 20:50:25,441 INFO [org.jboss.as.ejb3.deployment.processors.EjbJndiBindingsDeploymentUnitProcessor] (MSC service thread 1-3) JNDI bindings for session bean named TestBean in deployment unit subdeployment "testbean.jar" of deployment "testbean.ear" are as follows:
[Server:server-one]
[Server:server-one] java:global/testbean/testbean/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
[Server:server-one] java:app/testbean/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
[Server:server-one] java:module/TestBean!org.jboss.tests.TestBean
[Server:server-one] java:global/testbean/testbean/TestBean
[Server:server-one] java:app/testbean/TestBean
[Server:server-one] java:module/TestBean
[Server:server-one]
[Server:server-two] 20:50:25,504 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-6) JBAS011907: Register module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear:main" from Service Module Loader
[Server:server-one] 20:50:25,519 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS011907: Register module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear:main" from Service Module Loader
[Server:server-two] 20:50:25,742 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS011907: Register module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear.testbean.jar:main" from Service Module Loader
[Server:server-one] 20:50:25,834 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-3) JBAS011907: Register module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear.testbean.jar:main" from Service Module Loader
[Server:server-two] 20:50:26,174 INFO [org.jboss.as.server] (host-controller-connection-threads - 5) JBAS015870: Deploy of deployment "testbean.ear" was rolled back with failure message {"JBAS014771: Services with missing/unavailable dependencies" => ["jboss.deployment.subunit.\"testbean.ear\".\"testbean.jar\".jndiDependencyService Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]","jboss.naming.context.java.comp.testbean.testbean.TestBean.env.\"org.jboss.tests.TestBean\".manager Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]","jboss.persistenceunit.\"testbean.ear/testbean.jar#testDomain\" Missing[jboss.naming.context.java.\"${test.ds}\"]","jboss.deployment.subunit.\"testbean.ear\".\"testbean.jar\".component.TestBean.START Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]"]}
[Server:server-two] 20:50:26,180 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-8) JBAS011908: Unregister module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear.testbean.jar:main" from Service Module Loader
[Server:server-two] 20:50:26,182 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-1) JBAS011908: Unregister module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear:main" from Service Module Loader
[Server:server-two] 20:50:26,216 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-4) JBAS015877: Stopped deployment testbean.jar in 41ms
[Server:server-two] 20:50:26,220 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS015877: Stopped deployment testbean.ear in 47ms
[Server:server-one] 20:50:26,236 INFO [org.jboss.as.server] (host-controller-connection-threads - 5) JBAS015870: Deploy of deployment "testbean.ear" was rolled back with failure message {"JBAS014771: Services with missing/unavailable dependencies" => ["jboss.naming.context.java.comp.testbean.testbean.TestBean.env.\"org.jboss.tests.TestBean\".manager Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]","jboss.deployment.subunit.\"testbean.ear\".\"testbean.jar\".component.TestBean.START Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]","jboss.deployment.subunit.\"testbean.ear\".\"testbean.jar\".jndiDependencyService Missing[JBAS014861: <one or more transitive dependencies>]","jboss.persistenceunit.\"testbean.ear/testbean.jar#testDomain\" Missing[jboss.naming.context.java.\"${test.ds}\"]"]}
[Server:server-one] 20:50:26,247 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-1) JBAS011908: Unregister module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear:main" from Service Module Loader
[Server:server-one] 20:50:26,253 INFO [org.jboss.as.osgi] (MSC service thread 1-5) JBAS011908: Unregister module: Module "deployment.testbean.ear.testbean.jar:main" from Service Module Loader
[Server:server-one] 20:50:26,283 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-4) JBAS015877: Stopped deployment testbean.jar in 46ms
[Server:server-one] 20:50:26,286 INFO [org.jboss.as.server.deployment] (MSC service thread 1-2) JBAS015877: Stopped deployment testbean.ear in 50ms

The same procedure using testbean-without-variables.ear gives no errors and deploys normally.