ISE should be thrown when EM is colsed and joinTransaction is called, even with RESOURCE-LOCAL TX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Key: HHH-6102 URL: http://opensource.atlassian.com/projects/hibernate/browse/HHH-6102 Project: Hibernate Core Issue Type: Improvement Components: entity-manager Reporter: Strong Liu Assignee: Strong Liu Fix For: 4.0.0.Alpha3 according to JPA spec {quote} The EntityManager.close method closes an entity manager to release its persistence context and other resources. After calling close, the application must not invoke any further methods on the EntityManager instance except for getTransaction and isOpen, or the IllegalState- Exception will be thrown. {quote} hibernate now only throws ISE when the TX is JTA and EM is closed -- This message is automatically generated by JIRA. - If you think it was sent incorrectly contact one of the administrators: http://opensource.atlassian.com/projects/hibernate/secure/Administrators.... - For more information on JIRA, see: http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira