Gail Badner ( https://hibernate.atlassian.net/secure/ViewProfile.jspa?accountId=557058%... ) *updated* an issue Hibernate ORM ( https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH?atlOrigin=eyJpIjoiZGVhODhhNzcy... ) / Improvement ( https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-13916?atlOrigin=eyJpIjoiZGVhOD... ) HHH-13916 ( https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-13916?atlOrigin=eyJpIjoiZGVhOD... ) Pending-put should not be created by Infinispan when checking if an entity is transient ( https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-13916?atlOrigin=eyJpIjoiZGVhOD... ) Change By: Gail Badner ( https://hibernate.atlassian.net/secure/ViewProfile.jspa?accountId=557058%... ) As a last resort, {{ AbstractEntityPersister#isTransient }} calls {{ CacheHelper.fromSharedCache }} to determine if an entity is cached. If the return value is non-null, then the {{ AbstractEntityPersister#isTransient }} returns {{ false }} , and the return value is ignored. When Infinispan is the cache provider, {{ CacheHelper.fromSharedCache }} calls [ {{ InvalidationCacheAccessDelegate#get }} |https://github.com/infinispan/infinispan/blob/9.4.x/hibernate/cache-commons/src/main/java/org/infinispan/hibernate/cache/commons/access/InvalidationCacheAccessDelegate.java#L56-L65]. If the entity that is not already cached, {{ InvalidationCacheAccessDelegate#get }} adds a pending-put for the entity as a side-effect. The entry in the pending-put map uses a {{ SessionImpl }} as the map key. If that entity really is transient, then the pending-put entry never gets cleared until it times out. Since the pending-put map contains {{ SessionImpl }} keys, those objects cannot be garbage-collected until the entry times out. If lots of data is in the process of being imported, then an {{ OutOfMemoryError }} could be thrown. IIUC, it is not recommended to use the cache when importing data. That is why I am calling this issue an "improvement" rather than a "bug". {{ [WFLY-13259|https://issues.redhat.com/browse/WFLY-13259] }} contains a test that reproduces this issue. This improvement involves changing {{ AbstractEntityPersister#isTransient }} to call {{ CachedDomainDataAccess#get }} , which calls {{ InvalidationCacheAccessDelegate#get }} with a {{ null }} {{ session }} argument. Since {{ session }} is {{ null }} ,   {{ InvalidationCacheAccessDelegate#get }} does not add a pending-put for the entity. ( https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-13916#add-comment?atlOrigin=ey... ) Add Comment ( https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-13916#add-comment?atlOrigin=ey... ) Get Jira notifications on your phone! Download the Jira Cloud app for Android ( https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.atlassian.android.jira.... ) or iOS ( https://itunes.apple.com/app/apple-store/id1006972087?pt=696495&ct=Em... ) This message was sent by Atlassian Jira (v1001.0.0-SNAPSHOT#100123- sha1:a8fd8fd )