The code in question: | @In(required=false) | @Out(required=false) | private Booking booking; | | I thought a booking without a Booking instance sounds weird, so that I removed the (required=false) for the @In annotation. But then got an org.jboss.seam.RequiredException. But in the RegisterAction.java, there is | @In | private User user; | And it works. I looked for the more precise explanation about the "required" attribute, but the documentation didn't answer my question: Required from what? Required for what? (I thought a Booking instance should be required for a booking action, logically. But it seems that it is "required" from the context.... I changed the annotation to @In (create = true) and it worked again, but I guess the created instance would soon be an orphan in the heap since there is this line: | booking = new Booking(hotel, user); | in the bookHotel() method. ) More changes I made to the code: after user login, the pageflow is managed by a jpdl file. View the original post : http://www.jboss.com/index.html?module=bb&op=viewtopic&p=3988122#... Reply to the post : http://www.jboss.com/index.html?module=bb&op=posting&mode=reply&a...