That's kind of what I was thinking. I'm not sure how to read the verbose output, but it appears that they're being loaded in different classloaders. I get the exception within the TomcatInjectionContainer, which is loaded after the ActionServlet: | ... | [Loaded org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet from vfsfile:/home/dbecker/tools/jboss-5.0.0.Beta4/server/default/deploy/] | ... | [Loaded org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.TomcatInjectionContainer from vfsfile:/home/dbecker/tools/jboss-5.0.0.Beta4/server/default/deployers/] | ... | 15:01:55,026 WARN [TomcatInjectionContainer] could not find servlet class | org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet | in classpath when processing annotations. | If I'm reading that correctly those are two different classloaders (.../deploy vs .../deployers). Is that correct, or am I barking up the wrong tree? In 4.2.1 the classloader messge is a little more specific: | [Loaded org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet from file:/home/dbecker/tools/jboss-4.2.1.GA/server/default/tmp/deploy/tmp14312roster-exp.war/WEB-INF/lib/struts-1.2.9.jar] | But there is no TomcatInjectionContainer in 4.2.1 so I can't compare that. Derek View the original post : http://www.jboss.com/index.html?module=bb&op=viewtopic&p=4130542#... Reply to the post : http://www.jboss.com/index.html?module=bb&op=posting&mode=reply&a...