Hi, According to https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-2564 a stateless session may in some circumstances return multiple instances representing the same entity. As noted in the report, this seems to contradict the initial intention of stateless session, as described in HHh-742. The issue has been open with no comments since 2007. What is your take on this problem? Is it a bug that should be fixed, or is the present behavior really as intended? /Oskar