I didn't find a JIRA for this and I'm pretty sure my test is valid. QueryResult.getFactHandles() seems to be only returning [fid:-1:X:null] I'm using 4.0.7. Here's my test case: public void testQueryResults() throws Exception { StatefulSession workingMemory = DroolsUtil.getWorkingMemory(); TestFact testFact = new TestFact(); String id = "1234"; testFact.setId(id); FactHandle testHandle = workingMemory.insert(testFact); System.out.println(testHandle); Object[] args = {id}; int resultCount = 0; int factCount = 0; int handleCount = 0; Object fact = null; FactHandle handle = null; // query getTestFact(String _id) // TestFact(id == _id) // end QueryResults queryResults = workingMemory.getQueryResults("getTestFact", args); Iterator<QueryResult> iterator = queryResults.iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { resultCount++; QueryResult result = iterator.next(); FactHandle[] handles = result.getFactHandles(); for (FactHandle h : handles) { handleCount++; handle = h; } for (int i = 0; i < result.size(); i++) { factCount++; fact = result.get(i); } } System.out.println(handle); assertTrue(resultCount == 1); assertTrue(factCount == 1); assertTrue(testFact == fact); assertTrue(handleCount == 1); // this fails assertTrue(testHandle == handle); } TestFact is very simple, using id in hashCode and equals. Am I using getFactHandles correctly? Thanks.