Ahh, I think I see what you are getting at: using the annotations as a general purpose system for expressing the relationship between work and its compensation, regardless of the application framework (WS, EJB, ...) or even the transaction coordination protocol (WS-BA, ...) Although the annotations are designed to work within the context of WS-BusinessActivity, the approach can certainly be generalised to any application where work may need to be undone. As long as you have some way to intercept the business method calls and a way of interacting with the transaction coordinator you should be fine. The annotations themselves should be suitable for more or less any compensation based protocol, although some variations may be needed here and there. Making the framework implementation truly pluggable in this way is outside the scope of the current effort, but it's certainly something worth looking at in the future. View the original post : http://www.jboss.com/index.html?module=bb&op=viewtopic&p=4071364#... Reply to the post : http://www.jboss.com/index.html?module=bb&op=posting&mode=reply&a...