In addition to the simplicity argument, another motivation I have is to make the APIs between our support and that defined by EJB3.1 as close as possible. Even though EJB3.1 spec says that the decision to invoke async or not lies w/ the bean provider; I say it should be the caller's choice. So that's why we'll keep our implementation as well. S, ALR View the original post : http://www.jboss.com/index.html?module=bb&op=viewtopic&p=4184357#... Reply to the post : http://www.jboss.com/index.html?module=bb&op=posting&mode=reply&a...