All,
Some comments on the document bellow as I was discussing with Geoffrey:
* "git checkout" is actually the same as "svn switch", i.e.,
switching
between branches in the same working directory... although git is so
fast doing this you can't even compare with svn switch.
* git has the concept of staging area. Because of that, when you do a
commit, either you do "git commit -a" to commit everything, or you
list the files you want to commit: "git commit <files_to_commit>". The
git pro book explains this in detail and how to take advantage of the
staging area with "git add".
* be careful when using branches and rebase. The book also lists the
golden rule for rebase:
"Do not rebase commits that you have pushed to a public repository."
* do not push personal branches to the reference repository. If you
need to share a personal/development branch with someone, clone the
repo into your github account and use that clone to make your
personal/development branches public.
I am also a beginner on git, but so far it has been working so much
better for me and bringing so many features that I never imagined
possible that I am very happy with the move. I strongly recommend, as
Geoffrey mentioned before, that you read the "Pro Git" book... it is
really good.
Edson
2010/12/19 Geoffrey De Smet <ge0ffrey.spam(a)gmail.com>:
Purpose
This document shows you how to use Git, just as you were using SVN in the
past. It is to get you guys up and running with git as soon as possible by
relying on your SVN knowledge and it is focuses on what you want to do in
drools.
This document does not really teach you Git. Git is not just SVN++, it is
much more and you should take some time to learn that too.
Terminology
SVN trunk is renamed to Git master. A branch is still a branch. A tag is
still a tag.
Translation note: trunk == master
The SVN central repository is now the reference repository on github, see
https://github.com:droolsjbpm/droolsjbpm.
Part 1: Need to know
Preparation
If:
you’ve done the preparation in the dev list mail
and the correction too, skip to section Getting the source code locally.
haven’t done the correction yet, do this first (and the skip to that
section):
Step 4 stated:
$ git config --global user.name myUsername // WRONG
Correct that by running:
$ git config --global user.name "My Name"
$ git config --global -l
you haven’t done the preparation yet, do it now, as stated below.
Full preparation:
1) Install git for your OS
1a) Linux: Install the package git (and optionally gitk)
$ sudo apt-get install git
$ sudo apt-get install gitk
1b) Windows: Use the icon on the right on
http://git-scm.com
1c) Mac OSX: Use the icon on the right on
http://git-scm.com
Optionally install gitx from
http://gitx.frim.nl/
2) Install git in your IDE
2b) Eclipse: Install the EGit plugin.
Menu Help, menu item Install new software.
Work with update site Helios, open Tree item Collaboration, tree item
Eclipse EGit.
2c) IntelliJ: Enable the git plugin (if not enabled):
Menu file, menu item Other Settings, menu item Configure plugins.
3) Get a Github account:
https://github.com/signup/free
4) Configure git correctly (Github also tells you this):
$ git --version
git version 1.7.1
$ git config --global user.name "My Full Name"
$ git config --global user.email myAccount(a)gmail.com
$ git config --global -l
user.name=Geoffrey De Smet
user.email=ge0ffrey.spam@...
6) Push your public key to github:
Follow the instructions on
http://github.com/guides/providing-your-ssh-key
Getting the source code locally
First move your old SVN working directory aside, so you’re not confused that
you shouldn’t work there any more:
$ cd projects
$ mv drools drools-oldsvn
Now you’re ready to get the sources with git. In SVN this is a svn checkout,
but in Git this is called a git clone. Prefer the faster, stabler git
protocol over the slower https protocol:
$ git clone git@github.com:droolsjbpm/droolsjbpm.git droolsjbpm
Next go into that directory
$ cd droolsjbpm
So what’s the command git checkout for? To switch to another branch, but in
the same working directory. In SVN you also use svn checkout for that.
Translation note: svn checkout == git clone (new repository) OR git checkout
(change branch)
Follow the instructions in the README.txt to set up your Eclipse or IntelliJ
again.
Getting changes from others
So Mark and Edson changed something in drools-core in the reference
repository. How do I get those changes? In SVN this is svn update, but in
Git this is a git pull.
$ git pull
Translation note: svn update == git pull
Making changes
While making your changes, do the same as in SVN: git add, git rm (instead
of svn delete), git status.
Translation note: svn delete = git rm
After making your changes, you ‘ll want to do a git commit (when you’re done
with a changeset) and a git push (to share those changes with the rest of
the team). To recap: doing a git commit does not push your changes to the
remote repository yet, you also need to do a git push.
$ git commit -m “JBRULES-123 fix testcase”
$ git push
Translation note: svn commit == git commit + git push
Part 2: Tell me more
Extra terminology
What is rebasing? A rebase is an alternative manner of merging: instead of
merging your changes with the incoming changes, it takes the incoming
changes and applies your changes on top of that. For example:
$ git pull --rebase
What is origin? Because git can work with multiple remote repositories
(usually forks of the same project), the default remote repository is known
as origin. If you’ve cloned the reference repository, then origin is the
reference repository. If you’ve forked the reference repository as A and
cloned A, then origin is A.
Branching
Usually we’ll have 2 types of branches: release branches and topic branches.
To switch to another branch, just use git checkout:
$ git checkout 5.1.x
To create a branch do:
$ git checkout -b 5.2.x
Release branching
A release branches is copied from the master branch and only receives
bug-fixes. It is separated from the master branch so no unstable features or
improvements (pushed by other developers) leak in.
For example: $ git checkout 5.1.x
Cherry picking is very interesting to pick bug-fixes from the master branch
into the release branch.
Topic branching
A topic branch is copied from the master branch and is eventually merged
back into the master branch. Its changes are to disruptive to other team
members to be committed to the master immediately.
For example: $ git checkout trueModify
Rebasing is very interesting when you’re working on an experimental feature
in a topic branch for the last few weeks and you want to have the latest
changes of master(=trunk) in there too (= sync up with master):
// on my the myTopic branch
$ git rebase master
After your topic branch is stable, you’ll merge it into the master branch:
$ git checkout master
$ git merge trueModify
Learn more
Do you want to really learn Git?
Read the Pro Git book (freely available online):
http://progit.org/book/
You’ll easily gain the time you spend reading that book, because Git is more
than SVN++.
Read that book, especially if you’re going to do branching and merging!
Other references: Hibernate git tricks, SVN crash course, Git for Gnome
developers, ...
--
With kind regards,
Geoffrey De Smet
_______________________________________________
rules-dev mailing list
rules-dev(a)lists.jboss.org
https://lists.jboss.org/mailman/listinfo/rules-dev